ʻIke kumu o PHA

ʻO Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), kahi polyester intracellular i hoʻohui ʻia e nā microorganisms he nui, he biomaterial polymer maoli.

I loko o nā pūnaewele microbial, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā cell bacteria, aia ka nui o nā polymer polyesters - Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA).He biomaterial polymer maoli kēia.ʻAʻole ia e pili pono i kekahi polymer, akāhe hua'ōlelo maʻamau no ka papa polymers me nā hale like a me nā waiwai like ʻole.

Ua ʻike koʻikoʻi ka PHAʻehā pae o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.

ʻO ka hanauna mua o PHA, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), i hana nui ʻia e Chemie Linz AG ma Austria i ka makahiki 1980 (ka puka makahiki o 100 tons).E like me ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia i ka moʻo PHA, ʻo PHB ka mea maʻalahi a maʻamau i ka ʻohana PHA.Loaʻa iā ia ka maʻamau maʻamau, paʻakikī a palupalu, a ʻo kona mau mea mechanical a me ka helu heheʻe e like me ka polypropylene (PP);akā, ka elongation ma ka haʻihaʻi Low rate, high brittleness.No laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka PHB ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokahi a pono e hoʻololi ʻia no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hana kūpono.

ʻO ka lua o ka hanauna o PHA, polyhydroxybutyric acid copolyester (PHBV), i kālepa ʻia e ICI i nā makahiki 1980.ʻO PHBV kahi copolymer PHA me ke kaumaha molekala ma mua o 300,000.ʻO PHBV, ma ke ʻano he hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka huahana mua-hanauna PHB, ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui i kona elasticity ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka monomer 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV).No ka mea hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka compost, ka lepo, ka wai kai a me nā kaiapuni ʻē aʻe, he biocompatibility maikaʻi hoʻi a me ka hana pale kiʻekiʻe i nā wai a me nā kinoea, e hana ana i ka PHBV i mea ʻenehana ponoʻī kanaka no ka hana ʻana i nā mea lapaʻau.uwea, iwi kui, a pela aku, a hiki ke hoohana ia e like me ka mulch mahiai,ʻeke kūʻai, lako papaʻaina a me nā lako meaʻai.I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomohala hou ʻia ke kaʻina hana o nā huahana PHBV, a ua hoʻohana ʻia i nā pā kolepa,nā mea ʻai hoʻopau ʻia, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā papa, ka ʻeke a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke kolu o ka hanauna o PHA—poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBHHx), mai 1998, Tsinghua University Microbiology Laboratory a me Guangdong Jiangmen Biotechnology Development Center ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi i ka waika hydroxybutyric no ka manawa mua ma ka honua ʻO ka ʻenehana hana ʻenehana o ka copolymer PHBHHx me ka waika hydroxycaproic, a ʻike i ka hana nui.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me PHBV, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka crystallinity a me ka ductility kiʻekiʻe o ka PHBHHx, a ua like kāna hana me ka polyethylene (PE) plastics.

ʻO ka hā o ka hanauna PHA-copolymer o poly-3-hydroxybutyrate a me 4-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB4HB a i ʻole P34HB), he mau waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi a me nā waiwai kino, akā maikaʻi ka hydrophilicity.Ua hōʻike ka PHA ʻehā o ka hanauna i nā manaʻo noiʻi maikaʻi ma ke kahua o ka noiʻi ʻenekinia kiko, e like me nā mea scaffold i ka ʻenekinia iwi iwi e hoʻouka ai i nā iwi iwi mesenchymal stem cell, etc.

No ka mea, he biocompatibility maikaʻi ka PHA, biodegradability a me ka hana ʻana i ka wela o nā plastics i ka manawa like.No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea biomedical amea hoʻoheheʻe biodegradablei ka manawa like, ka mea i lilo i ʻoi loa ka ʻimi noiʻi ʻoi loa ma ke kahua o nā biomaterials i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.He nui nā waiwai hoʻohui waiwai kiʻekiʻe e PHA e like me nā optics nonlinear, piezoelectricity, a me nā waiwai pale kinoea.

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