Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwe-PHA

I-Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), i-polyester ye-intracellular ehlanganiswe amagciwane amaningi, i-polymer biomaterial yemvelo.

Emangqamuzaneni amancane, ikakhulukazi amangqamuzana ebhaktheriya, kunenani elikhulu lama-polymer polyester - i-Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA).Lokhu kuyimvelo ye-polymer biomaterial.Ayibhekiseli ngokuqondile ku-polymer ethile, kodwaigama elijwayelekile lekilasi lama-polymer anezakhiwo ezifanayo kanye nezakhiwo ezahlukene.

I-PHA cishe inolwaziizigaba ezine zokuthuthuka.

Isizukulwane sokuqala se-PHA, i-polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), yakhiqizwa ngobuningi yi-Chemie Linz AG e-Austria ngeminyaka yawo-1980 (umkhiqizo wonyaka wamathani ayi-100).Njengempahla yokuqala yochungechunge lwe-PHA, i-PHB futhi iyisakhiwo esilula nesijwayeleke kakhulu emndenini we-PHA.Inokwakheka okuphakeme kwesakhiwo, izakhiwo eziqinile neziqinile, futhi izakhiwo zayo zemishini kanye nendawo yokuncibilika kufana ne-polypropylene (PP);kodwa ubude ngesikhathi sekhefu Izinga eliphansi, ukuqina okuphezulu.Ngakho-ke, i-PHB ngokuvamile ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengento eyodwa futhi idinga ukuguqulwa ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okusebenzayo.

Isizukulwane sesibili se-PHA, i-polyhydroxybutyric acid copolyester (PHBV), yathengiswa yi-ICI ngeminyaka yawo-1980.I-PHBV iyi-PHA copolymer enesisindo semolekyuli engaphezu kuka-300,000.I-PHBV, njengokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo wesizukulwane sokuqala i-PHB, ithuthukise kakhulu ukunwebeka kwayo ngemva kokwengeza i-monomer engu-3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV).Ngenxa yokuthi ingabola ngokuphelele emqubeni, enhlabathini, emanzini olwandle nakwezinye izindawo, iphinde ibe nokuvumelana okuhle kwe-biocompatibility kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwesithiyo oketshezini namagesi, okwenza i-PHBV ibe yimpahla yobunjiniyela bezicubu zomuntu efanelekile yokwenza imishudo yezokwelapha.ucingo, izipikili zethambo, njll., futhi ingasetshenziswa njengemboza yezolimo,izikhwama zokuthenga, i-tableware nezinto zokupakisha zokudla.Njengamanje, inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-PHBV isithuthukisiwe futhi, futhi isetshenziswe kumathreyi egalofu,izitsha ezilahlwayo, amafilimu, amapuleti, ukupakisha neminye imikhakha.

Isizukulwane sesithathu se-PHA-poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBHHx), kusukela ngo-1998, i-Tsinghua University Microbiology Laboratory kanye ne-Guangdong Jiangmen Biotechnology Development Centre bathuthukise ngempumelelo i-hydroxybutyric acid okokuqala ngqa emhlabeni Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuthuthukisiwe be-copolymer. I-PHBHHx nge-hydroxycaproic acid, futhi ibona ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-PHBV, i-PHBHHx inobucwebe obuphansi kanye ne-ductility ephakeme, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuqhathaniswa nokwepulasitiki ye-polyethylene (PE).

Isizukulwane sesine i-PHA-copolymer ye-poly-3-hydroxybutyrate kanye ne-4-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB4HB noma i-P34HB), inezici ezinhle zokwenza ifilimu kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo, kodwa i-hydrophilicity embi.I-PHA yesizukulwane sesine ibonise amathuba amahle okusebenza emkhakheni wocwaningo lobunjiniyela bezicubu, njengezinto ze-scaffold kunjiniyela wezicubu zethambo ukuze kulayishwe amaseli we-mesenchymal stem omnkantsha womuntu, njll.

Ngoba i-PHA ine-biocompatibility enhle, i-biodegradability kanye nokusebenza okushisayo kokucubungula kwamapulasitiki ngesikhathi esisodwa.Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziswa njengezinto ze-biomedical kanyeizinto zokupakisha ezibolayongesikhathi esifanayo, esesiphenduke indawo esebenza kakhulu yocwaningo emkhakheni wezinto eziphilayo eminyakeni yamuva.I-PHA iphinde ibe nezinto eziningi ezingezelelwe inani eliphezulu ezifana ne-nonlinear Optics, i-piezoelectricity, kanye nezakhiwo zokuvimbela igesi.

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I-WorldChamp Enterprises inguzakwethu ongcono kakhulu ongasebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-ECO, ezinye izindlela zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki evamile, ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa okumhlophe, ukwenza ulwandle lwethu nomhlaba kuhlanzeke futhi kuhlanzeke.